Term of Reference (ToR)

Study on Sanitation Programme Governance for West Sumatra (Padang Pariaman
and Sijunjung)

and Lampung (Pringsewu and Lampung Selatan)

September 2017

A. BACKGROUND

A.1. SNV

SNV is an international not-for-profit development organization, working in
38 countries in Africa, Asia, and Latin America. SNV specializes in
supporting the resourcefulness of development actors by developing local
capacities, improving performance and services, strengthening governance
systems, helping to create access for excluded groups and by making markets
work for the poor. Our global team of advisors use their specialist sector
and change expertise in Agriculture, Renewable Energy and WASH to facilitate
sustainable change in the livelihoods of millions of people living in
poverty.

A.2. Voice for Change (V4C) Partnership Program

Open defecation is practised by 12.45% of Indonesia’s population. The rate
goes up to 20.56% in rural areas and in some districts; it is as high as
60%. To tackle this problem, the national Government established the STBM
programme in 2009. The STBM programme is a non-subsidized, behaviour change
driven, community wide sanitation approach. It constitutes the core of the
national sanitation strategy and is to be implemented by Local Governments
in all 508 districts of Indonesia. Where implemented, it has demonstrated
sound and sustainable results. However, the scale of its implementation has
been limited and so the country failed to halve open defecation and to
achieve MDG 7 in 2015. In 2016, still, 32.3% of Indonesia’s population do
not have adequate sanitation access.

SNV is launching in 2016 a five-year programme entitled Voice for Change
Partnership (V4C). The programme will be implemented in six countries:
Burkina-Faso, Honduras, Ghana, Kenya, Rwanda and Indonesia. In Indonesia,
one of the topics that will be addressed through the programme is Water,
Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH) specifically in the sanitation sector. The V4C
programme aligns with Sanitasi Total Berbasis Masyarakat (STBM) of the
Indonesian governments and it will contribute for the achievement of the
national target of 100% sanitation coverage by 2019 as well as to SDG 6,
notably target 6.2 “Achieve access to adequate and equitable sanitation &
hygiene for all and end open defecation, paying special attention to the
needs of women and girls and those in vulnerable situations by 2030″.

SNV Netherlands Development Organisation is starting up the V4C programme
for WASH in 4 locations in Sumatra Barat and Lampung: Padang Pariaman,
Sijunjung, Pringsewu and Lampung Selatan. The V4CP programme will have to
provide evidence that could be used for advocacy activities which highlight
the condition of sanitation programme in Indonesia, the importance of
sanitation for human, environmental and economic development and that
demonstrate the relevance, opportunity, and challenges of the STBM programme
to deliver sustainable and cost-efficient results in the above-mentioned
locations.

B. OBJECTIVES

Effective governance is necessary for successful sanitation service
delivery. Therefore, in order to support the strengthening of CSO
capacities, and Evidence creation and dissemination for advocacy purposes,
SNV is now collecting evidence with focus on sanitation programme governance
under local government and community perspective about the advantages and
disadvantages of the programme. There are four areas of inquiry which are
sanitation policy and regulation, budgeting, institutions’ capacity and
community perspective and involvement in the every step of the sanitation
programme which managed under local government (could be from a various
source of funding). It covers all of the three phases of the programme from
planning, implementation, and until monitoring evaluation phase especially
related to Total Sanitation Community Based programme (STBM) which
incorporates Open Defecation Free (ODF) activities. The result from this
study is expected to be used as evidence for advocacy to the local
government in order to enhance sanitation programme governance and establish
inclusive policy, effective and efficient budget, collaborative
institutions, citizenship involvement, transparent and accountable mechanism
in the three phase of the sanitation programme to improve the sanitation
access in the community.

The specific objectives of this study are as follow:

1. Assessing the policy, budgeting, and government institution’s capacity
in planning, implementation and monitoring evaluation process related to all
of the local government sanitation programs generally and STBM programme
and/or ODF activities specifically

2. Assessing the community’s perspective related to local government
sanitation programme (STBM and non-STBM) and other sanitation programmes
which focus on ODF activities from the private party.

3. Exploring the involvement of citizen (community/CSO/NGO/CBO) on each
phase in local government sanitation programme

4. Reviewing opportunity and challenges in the sanitation programme
governance generally, and for STBM programme and/or ODF activities
specifically

5. Establishing recommendations for government to enhance and establish
inclusive policy, effective and efficient budget, collaborative
organisations, citizenship involvement, transparent and accountable
mechanism in the three phase of the sanitation programme

C. SCOPE OF STUDY

The study will cover the area of West Sumatera Province (Padang Pariaman,
Sijunjung) and Lampung Province (South Lampung and Pringsewu). It will
review secondary data, including locally available information sources and
research studies. Some primary data collection from the province,
regency/district, sub-district, and village levels are expected to complete
the picture, fill the gaps, or verify the finding. With regard to primary
data collection and analysis, the consultant should select geographical
areas that adequately reflect sanitation problems, and program managed by
government in the project area.

The main study targets are provincial, regency/district (Bappeda-Local
Development Planning Agency, Health Office, Dinas PU-Public Works, Education
Office, Rural Community Empowerment Agency, and others related agency for
sanitation programme); sub-district and village government, and component
from community (i.e. women and man group, community leaders, health cadres,
PKK, RT/RW, religious leader, STBM Team, disability person, sanitation
entrepreneurs, etc) and NGO/CSO/CBO).

To support the study, particularly in collecting secondary data and
fieldwork, V4CP Program Local Partners in West Sumatera and Lampung will
actively involve and provide support.

D. METHODOLOGY

The study is a descriptive and qualitative study that review existing data
and probe perception, knowledge, attitude and practices of policy maker and
community on the current situation of the local government sanitation
programme in planning, implementation, and monitoring evaluation phase.

It could use realist evaluation[1] which provides a useful methodological
framework to evaluate the programme. This perspective asks not, “What
works?” or “Does this program work?” but asks instead, “what works for whom
in what circumstances/contexts and in what respects, and how?”. Therefore,
it highlights where programmes “work” in different ways for different
contexts which will make difference to the outcome. Programme contexts
include features such as social, economic, institution, political,
historical, and so on.

It could be operationalized and conducted through desk review/study, and
follow with interview/FGD with local government/stakeholder and community to
check the result (validation and reliability). All in all, the team will
conduct desk review, field visit, consultation with stakeholders and produce
a report. Also, the consultant will be required to develop a research
protocol, which details the methodology, hypothesis and tools to be employed
at each stage of the research.

E. TIMEFRAME

It is expected that a contract will be signed by end of September 2017.
After receiving comments from SNV and our local partner (CSOs), final
versions of the study, the report and the data should be delivered by early
of December 2017.

A tentative timeline and indicative level of effort are set out in the table
below:

DELIVERABLE

TIMELINE

To be completed no later than

LEVEL OF EFFORT

(days)

Consultation/Meeting

Week 1, 12

2

Preparation & Submission of overall draft proposal & work plan

Week 2

3

Fieldwork plan completed, including sampling, identification and
justification of field locations, questionnaires (focus groups, key
informants and HH survey); logistical preparations for fieldwork made

Week 2

2

Collection of secondary data, Desk Review and Analysis

Week 3

4

Fieldwork: Data Collection

Week 4, 5

24

Data Analysis

Week 6

10

Preparation & Submission of draft study and Report

Week 7-8

10

Incorporation of SNV’s feedback & Submission of Final Document

Week 9-10

5

Total

60

* Number of days should be divided to (several) senior and junior researcher

F. DELIVERABLES

For this research, the consultant is expected to submit to SNV the following
deliverables:

1. Detailed research protocol and tools

2. Comprehensive study Report

3. PowerPoint presentation of the study report to be shared with program’s
stakeholders to validate and complement study results

All document prepared should be in Bahasa, with report summary of two pages
in English. For discussion/dissemination purpose, a presentation in
PowerPoint should be prepared in English and Bahasa.

G. QUALIFICATIONS

The consultants should be highly experienced professionals in the field of
public policy and governance, behavioural science, preferably with a focus
on public health, sanitation and hygiene.

The consultants should have experience in leading and facilitating
participatory research. The consultants must be fluent in Bahasa Indonesia
and able to write reports in English.

H. DURATION OF THE CONTRACT

This contract is from 2 October 2017 through to 31st December 2017

I. IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENT

The consultant will report to the Sanitation and Hygiene Research Assistant
and CSOs partner in project location, under the supervision of the V4C
programme manager.

J. APPLICATION PROCESS

SNV’s General Terms and Conditions guide this TOR. The proposed experts for
undertaking assignment cannot be changed during the study period without
prior approval of SNV. The proposal should include:

1. A draft research protocol including background, objective, methodology
& research framework, methods, and work plan (of no more than 3 pages)

2. CV’s of the proposed team

3. A financial proposal

Applicants should send the application to SNV Procurement ( email:
[email protected] <mailto:[email protected]> ) and
Arti Indallah Tjakranegara ( Email: [email protected]
<mailto:[email protected]> ) by September 24th, 2017 with subject:
“Sanitation programme governance research”.

Only shortlisted candidates will be contacted

_____

[1] Pawson, R., & Tilley, N. (1997). Realistic evaluation. Sage.